Abstract: This comprehensive paper explores the intricate challenges involved in conducting drone thermal imaging surveys in near total darkness to detect and locate feral animals in Australia's native bushland. It emphasizes the importance of meticulous planning, including extensive research on targeted animal species, analyzing terrain maps, and locating suitable four-wheel drive tracks. Additionally, it highlights the significance of scouting the survey area well in advance to address potential access issues. The paper discusses the essential equipment for the four-wheel drive vehicle and emphasizes the need for robust recovery and safety tools, including satellite communication devices. It explores the challenges of operating drones in low-light conditions, extreme weather, and at significant distances from the operator. The impact of strong winds, rain, and fog on the progress of thermal imaging surveys is also addressed. Furthermore, the paper discusses the duration of drone operations and the challenges associated with traveling through harsh terrains. It highlights the difficulties in finding suitable accommodation in remote areas and underscores the importance of detailed and precise reporting to effectively inform clients of the survey findings. The paper also mentions the expertise and proven track record of Australian Aerial Imagery in conducting drone thermal imaging wildlife surveys since 2014.
Below: A typical drone thermal imaging wildlife setup
Introduction Drone thermal imaging surveys are critical for detecting and locating feral animals in Australia's native bushland. However, conducting these surveys in near total darkness presents significant challenges. This paper examines these challenges and proposes strategies to overcome them effectively.
Initial Planning Stages Thorough planning is essential for successful drone thermal imaging surveys. Researching targeted feral animal species, including their behaviors, habitats, and thermal signatures, is crucial. Analyzing terrain maps helps identify potential difficulties and locate suitable four-wheel drive tracks. Meticulous planning ensures preparedness to address challenges during fieldwork.
Scouting the Survey Area Scouting the survey area well in advance is crucial to address any potential obstacles or access issues. This preliminary assessment helps understand the topography, vegetation density, and potential risks that may impact drone flights or the accuracy of thermal imaging data. Effective scouting enables adjustments in flight plans and identification of alternate access routes, overcoming potential obstacles.
Equipping the Four-Wheel Drive Vehicle The four-wheel drive vehicle used for the survey should be equipped with a robust set of 4x4 recovery and safety equipment. In addition to a solid bull bar with an electric winch, tow and snatch straps, various shackles, a pulley block, a tire air compressor, fire extinguisher, fire blankets, and a comprehensive first aid kit, it is highly recommended to include satellite communication devices. These provisions ensure the safety of the survey team and enable effective recovery from challenging situations. Fast-charging equipment should also be available to charge all the necessary batteries required for the survey.
Challenges of Operating Drones in Near Total Darkness Operating drones in near total darkness poses significant challenges during feral animal detection surveys. Limited visibility, maintaining line-of-sight, and avoiding obstacles become more difficult during nighttime operations. Advanced navigation systems with obstacle avoidance capabilities work best during the day, night vision cameras, and skilled operators experienced in low-light conditions are crucial to mitigate these challenges effectively.
Impact of Extreme Weather Conditions Adverse weather conditions, including strong winds, rain, and fog, can significantly impact the progress of thermal imaging surveys. Strong winds can destabilize drones, making control difficult, while rain and fog can affect thermal imaging accuracy. Monitoring weather conditions and adapting flight plans accordingly are essential to ensure safe and successful operations.
Duration of Drone Operations Drone thermal imaging surveys typically commence one hour after last light and can run for up to 8 hours, depending on weather conditions. Operating drones for extended periods in near total darkness requires careful battery management and monitoring to ensure continuous operations throughout the survey.
Travelling through Harsh Terrains Accessing remote survey areas often involves traveling through challenging terrains. Steep slopes, dense vegetation, and rough ground conditions pose difficulties for four-wheel drive vehicles. Equipping the vehicle with appropriate off-road capabilities, including sturdy tires and suspension modifications, ensures that when you get caught out you will be well prepared to tackle and travel through harsh terrains.
Below: This is why its essential to have full 4x4 recovery equipment.
Accommodation Challenges Conducting surveys in remote areas often means being hours away from country towns with suitable accommodation options like hotels, motels, or caravan parks. Finding appropriate lodging for the survey team presents logistical challenges. In such cases, alternative solutions such as camping facilities, portable shelters, or mobile accommodations may need to be considered. Effective logistical planning, including stocking necessary supplies and equipment, ensures the team's well-being and productivity throughout the project.
Below: A mobile accommodation setup that is fully equipped
for extended stays in isolated regions. (FIND OUT MORE HERE)
Detailed and Precise Reporting Accurate and detailed reporting is crucial to effectively communicate the survey findings to clients. Meticulous data analysis, interpretation, and presentation are essential components of the reporting process. Incorporating thermal images, maps, and qualitative descriptions enables clients to comprehend the outcomes accurately. Thorough reporting facilitates informed decision-making for feral animal management strategies and subsequent actions.
Australian Aerial Imagery's Expertise Australian Aerial Imagery has been undertaking drone thermal imaging wildlife surveys since 2014 and has established a proven track record in the field. With their expertise and fully equipped team, they possess the necessary skills and experience to conduct these surveys effectively.
Below: A thermal imaging drone team.
Below: Red deer located in thick vegetation
while on one of our deer surveys.
Conclusion Undertaking drone thermal imaging surveys in near total darkness for feral animal detection in Australia's native bushland is a challenging endeavor. Thorough planning, comprehensive research, and advanced technology are critical to overcome these challenges effectively. Equipping the four-wheel drive vehicle with the necessary recovery and safety equipment, including satellite communication devices, enhances safety and operational efficiency. By addressing challenges related to low-light conditions, extreme weather, harsh terrains, and logistical requirements, drone technology can significantly contribute to feral animal detection and conservation efforts. The expertise and proven track record of Australian Aerial Imagery further strengthen the capabilities in undertaking these surveys successfully.